What Causes a ‘Hair-on-End’ Skull?

Bone marrow hyperplasia
Explore the striking 'hair-on-end' appearance on a skull radiograph. Understand the key differential diagnoses and the underlying pathophysiological process.
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Fever After a Brazilian Holiday

Plasmodium vivax
A 31-year-old woman develops a fever after returning from Brazil. Explore the classic blood smear findings that point to a specific parasitic diagnosis.
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Uncovering the Cause of Splenic Calcifications

Histoplasmosis
A 37-year-old woman with T-cell deficiency presents with splenic and mesenteric calcifications on CT. Explore the differential diagnosis for these findings.
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Abdominal Pain & a Blood Smear Clue

Chronic lead poisoning
A 61-year-old man presents with abdominal pain. A peripheral blood smear reveals basophilic stippling. What's the underlying cause?
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Hair Growth & A Sore Tongue: A Curious Case

Paraneoplastic disorder
A 68-year-old woman presents with unusual hair growth and a sore, furrowed tongue. Explore the differential diagnosis for these puzzling clinical signs.
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HIV Medication & Body Fat Changes

Protease inhibitor
Learn about the metabolic side effects of certain HIV medications, including lipodystrophy. Recognize the signs and understand the underlying causes.
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A Lesion After Eating Raw Goat Meat

Anthrax
A patient presents with a mysterious skin lesion after consuming raw goat meat. Explore the differential diagnosis for this dangerous zoonotic infection.
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A Puzzling Cervical Mass

Scrofula
Explore the case of a 39-year-old HIV-positive man with a chronic, draining neck mass. Understand the differential diagnosis and key investigations.
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A Case of a Swollen, Blue Leg

Deep venous thrombosis
A patient presents with unilateral leg swelling and a bluish discoloration. Explore the diagnosis of this severe vascular condition and its key features.
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Unexplained Purpura & Blood Cancer

Amyloid purpura
A patient with untreated multiple myeloma develops spontaneous skin lesions. With normal coagulation and mild thrombocytopenia, what's the underlying cause?
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