Mystery of the Bulging Orbit

Hydatid cyst
A 31-year-old woman presents with blurred vision and progressive proptosis. Explore the differential diagnosis for a cystic, retrobulbar lesion on MRI.
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A Boy’s Scrotal Bullae

Linear IgA bullous dermatosis
A 5-year-old boy presents with a 2-week history of painless, tense bullae on the scrotum. Explore the differential diagnosis for this unusual presentation.
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Neonate with a ‘Coat Hanger’ Chest

Paternal uniparental disomy 14 (UDP 14 pat) thoracic dysplasia
A preterm neonate presents with respiratory distress, a giant omphalocele, and a unique 'coat hanger' chest on X-ray. Explore this rare genetic diagnosis.
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A Surprising Cause for a Leg Rash

Scurvy
A 72-year-old woman with esophageal strictures develops a leg rash. Explore the link between diet, skin findings, and vitamin deficiencies.
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Painful Vision Loss in a Young Man

Fungal endophthalmitis
A 34-year-old man with a history of IVDU presents with acute eye pain and vision loss. Explore the diagnosis of this sight-threatening condition.
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A Painful, Swollen Spleen

Disseminated Mycobacterium avium–intracellulare infection
A 29-year-old man with HIV presents with abdominal pain, night sweats, and massive splenomegaly. Explore the diagnostic challenge in this complex case.
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A Starry Sky in the Liver

Multiple biliary hamartomas
A 45-year-old woman has multiple liver lesions found on imaging. CT and MRI show a "starry sky" appearance. What is the diagnosis for these benign findings?
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A Teenager’s Worsening Vision

X-linked retinoschisis
A 19-year-old male presents with acute vision loss and retinal detachment, building on a childhood history of macular cystic degeneration. What's the link?
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Brain Lesions in a Cancer Patient

Metastatic adenocarcinoma
A 71-year-old man with known colon cancer presents with altered mental status. Brain MRI reveals multiple ring-enhancing lesions. What's the diagnosis?
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A Swollen Surprise After Stroke Care

Tissue plasminogen activator-associated angioedema
A 78-year-old man receives t-PA for an ischemic stroke but develops an unexpected and alarming orolingual swelling. Explore this rare adverse effect.
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