A Cryptic Cause of Renal Failure

Explore the case of a 46-year-old man with new-onset HIV, GI symptoms, and Acute Kidney Injury. Uncover the rare diagnosis that connects these findings.

Renal cryptococcosis


A 46-year-old man presented to the emergency department with a 2-week history of diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, and weakness along with a weight loss of 8 kg in the preceding 2 months. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the human immunodeficiency virus was positive. Laboratory studies revealed a serum creatinine level of 2.4 mg per deciliter. What is the diagnosis?

What is the most likely diagnosis?

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Renal cryptococcosis
Diabetic nephropathy
Tubulocystic renal-cell carcinoma
IgA Nephropathy

Acute Kidney Injury, Disseminated Cryptococcosis, Fungal Infection, HIV, Renal cryptococcosis

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