A Bull’s-Eye in the Visual Field

A 60-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis develops central blind spots. Explore the retinal findings and Differential Diagnosis for bull’s-eye maculopathy.

Hydroxychloroquine toxicity


A 60-year-old woman presented to the ophthalmology clinic after noticing central blind spots in the visual fields of both eyes. She had a history of rheumatoid arthritis, which had been treated with hydroxychloroquine for 14 years. The retinal examination showed the pattern below. What is the most likely underlying cause of this abnormality?

What is the most likely diagnosis?

Rheumatoid arthritis
Hydroxychloroquine toxicity
Age-related macular degeneration
Type 2 diabetes
Bardet-Biedl syndrome

Bull’s-eye maculopathy, Drug-induced, Hydroxychloroquine toxicity, Retinopathy, Rheumatoid arthritis

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