The Great Imitator in an Infant

A 6-month-old girl presents with a perirectal mass, frontal bossing, and severe Periostitis on tibial radiograph. Explore the diagnostic workup.

Congenital syphilis


A 6-month-old girl was referred to the hospital for evaluation and treatment of a perirectal mass which had first been noted at 2 weeks of age. Physical examination showed frontal bossing but no rash, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, or limitation of limb movement. A lateral radiograph of the right tibia showed severe periostitis. What is the diagnosis?

What is the most likely diagnosis?

Infantile hemangioma
Imperforate hymen
Perianal hamartomatous polyps
Congenital syphilis
Perianal rhabdomyosarcoma

Congenital syphilis, Infectious Disease, Pediatrics, Periostitis, Treponema pallidum

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